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Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya
Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr (also known as Ibn al-Qayyim ("The son of the principal") or Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah ("Son of the principal of the (school of) Jawziyyah") (1292–1350 CE / 691 AH–751 AH) was an Arab Islamic jurist, commentator on the Qur'an and theologian. Although he is sometimes referred to as "the scholar of the heart", given his extensive works pertaining to human behaviour and ethics, Ibn al-Qayyim's scholarship was focused on the Islamic sciences of Hadith and Fiqh. He has been called "one of the most important thinkers in the Hanbali tradition",〔 and Ibn Taymiyya's most "passionate advocate" who, like his teacher, sought to defend "the established Sunnah of Islam" from innovations (''Bid‘ah'') of "Christian saint-worship, Aristotelian metaphysics", astrological divination, and alchemical transmutation.〔
==Name==
In correct order: (アラビア語:شمس الدين محمد بن أبي بكر بن أيوب ،ابن القيم الجوزية). He is Muhammad Ibn Abi Bakr (محمد بن أبي بکر), son of Ayyub, son of Sa'd al-Zar'i, al-Dimashqi (الدمشقي), patronymed as Abu Abdullah Shamsu-Deen (أبو عبد الله شمس الدین), and known as Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, named after his father who was an attendant (''qayyim'') at a local school named ''Al-Jawziyyah''.
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